Baterei testing
We conducted experiments at our baterei manajemen systems research lab at the University of Windsor. We took a cylindrical baterei cell like the ones used to make baterei packs for BEVs and computed its energy at different discharge currents.
First, we fully charged the baterei and then discharged it at a certain power until it was fully depleted. Then, we fully charged it again and discharged it at half the power until it was fully depleted. The experiment was repeated five more times by halving the discharge power each time.
When we computed the keseluruhan energy discharged by the baterei at each experiment, we found that the lower the current, the higher the discharge energy capacity.
The BEVs need more electrical current (a measure of power) on highways compared to city streets because the average speed on the highway is higher. Also, their batteries become less efficient at high currents due to energy loss.
Further, the BEVs don't lose that much power when braking because they convert their kinetic energy back to electricity with the help of regenerative braking systems. All these facts contribute to more efficient driving and higher kisaran at low speeds.
The batteries perform well at room temperature, and colder and hotter temperatures will reduce their performnce. Similarly, using vehicle heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems will reduce the batteries' performnce.
The performnce of a baterei is also affected by how it is being used over time. The baterei manajemen sistim is very important, and in some BEVs, it may be programmed to prevent the driver from fully depleting the baterei pack so that long-term health can be bermaintained.
Informed consumers
Canada's 2022 fuel consumption guide provides rincis about some BEVs. On average, the tested BEVs required lower power to drive 100 kilometres in city roads compared to highways, confirming our explanation.
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A studi by the American Automobile Association found that most vehicles drove the longest in city conditions where speed was lower compared to highway driving. That is, a fully charged BEV drives longer distances at lower speeds.
Our findings suggest that those considering an electric vehicle would find it useful if power consumption guides included this information. BEV drivers can expect shorter driving kisaran at high speeds, and can also expect the driving cost per kilometre to increase with vehicle speed.
